![]() You can do a temporary fix going to the Advanced tab and setting the serverTimezone variable for UTC as an example. You must configure either the server or JDBC driver (via the serverTimezone configuration property) to use a more specifc time zone value if you want to utilize time zone support If you find the following error: The server time zone value 'PDT' is unrecognized or represents more than one time zone. Screenshot of MySQL 8.0.3 running on DatagripĪdd a new datasource using the new driver. On the section URL templates, put the Name as default and Template as jdbc:mysql://?].This would be the preferred method however, you can also register using your email address. After that on the Class dropdown select In order to create an Atlas account, navigate to You can sign up using your Google account.On the section Driver Files > Additional files click on the + and select the jar file you just downloaded.Download and save in a project folder or something similar on your computer. Select Developer Releases (Since this is an unstable version). You need to download the JDBC driver from Oracle website. To be informed about new articles on I Programmer, sign up for our weekly newsletter, subscribe to the RSS feed and follow us on Twitter, Facebook or Linkedin.I was having an issue connecting MySQL 8.0.3 using DataGrip. The Azure AD authentication adds the ability to use Azure AD to log in to your database. Database Software DataGrip DataGrip by JetBrains 4.7 (30) Write a Review Save Free Trial Visit Website VIEW SCORECARD About Pricing Features Compare Alternatives Reviews Share Price Pricing starting from: 9.90 per month Pricing Model: Flat Rate Yes, has free trial No free version VIEW PRICING DETAILS Reviews Ease of Use 4.5 Customer Service 4. The new Couchbase support means you can use the Couchbase Query service, but not the Couchbase Analytics service. Query improvements include warnings if you switch schemas when running a query, and history targets in run configurations, along with tab names and hints for indexes when you are using 'Explain plan'. Where the functions such as dateToString expect a named argument, you have to use a PostgreSQL-like syntax for the named parameters, using ‘=>’ or ‘:=’. You can use all the available MongoDB functions except map, reduce, filter, and let. Object builders are supported, and there's a JS query preview and the ability to copy the JS query to the clipboard. You can use Distinct and All, and the aggregate functions are supported. For the current release, the support only extends as far as Select queries, with the following qualifiers and clauses:Join, Where, Group By, Having, Order By, Limit and Offset. The main improvement to the new version is the ability to use SQL to query MongoDB databases the DataGrip developers have created their own JS-SQL translator that makes this possible. Date () returns the current date as a string and new Date () as a Date object. This feature does not apply to the Date object constructor because of the difference between Date () new Date (). This is one of DataGrip's regular updates, the third this year.ĭataGrip is a combination of an intelligent SQL editor and collection of database tools packed together and running on top of the IntelliJ platform. DataGrip will add the new keyword to the MongoDB query automatically. ![]() The new release also adds Couchbase support, and better display of results with formatted values and images in the value editor and new data extractors. DataGrip has been updated with support for SQL for MongoDB, Azure AD authentication and new extractors.
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![]() ![]() If you want to calculate the force you will need to multiply the kgf/cm2 value (which is a pressure) by the cross sectional area of the hydraulic ram/cylinder in square centimeters. I would like to know what the conversion figure is for converting hydraulic pressure from bar to kgf? Help Hydraulic bar pressure to kg force conversion This is the resulting force generated by a pressure acting on a specified size of surface area and can be displayed in a choice of different force measurement units. Effective Area (A)Įnter the effective surface area which the applied pressure is acting on. The formula used by this calculator to calculate the force from pressure and area is:Įnter the reading in any units for the applied pressure. This tool will calculate the force generated by a pressure acting over a specified surface area and display two dynamic conversion scales for each input parameter.įor example you could use this calculator to determine the force generated by a hydraulic ram, or you could determine the necessary weight to generate a calibration pressure on a deadweight tester. Hydraulic bar pressure to kg force conversion.This is true of most countries, including the United States. ![]() The kilopascal is more prevalent in scientific contexts such as material science, engineering, and geophysics. Exceptions include certain countries that use either the imperial or United States customary systems of measurement, such as the United States, in which the unit of pound per square inch is more commonly used. In 1971, at the 14 th General Conference on Weights and Measures, the pascal was adopted as an SI derived unit of pressure.Ĭurrent use: The kilopascal is widely used worldwide in countries that have adopted SI. The kilopascal is simply a multiple of the pascal, as is common within SI. History/origin: The unit, pascal, is named after Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician and physicist. A kilopascal is defined as 1,000 Pa, where 1 Pa is defined as the pressure exerted by a 1 newton force applied perpendicularly to an area of one square meter, expressed as 1 N/m 2 or 1 kg/m Kilopascalĭefinition: A kilopascal (symbol: kPa) is a multiple of the pascal (Pa), an SI (International System of Units) derived unit of pressure used to measure internal pressure, Young's modulus, stress, and ultimate tensile strength. Meteorologists and weather reporters worldwide often use this unit for convenience, since working in pascals would result in much larger values. Millibars (symbol: mb) are also commonly used when referencing atmospheric air pressure, where atmospheric pressure equals 1013.25 mbar (101.325 kPa). The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has specified the bar as a unit that authors should have the freedom to use but has chosen not to include the bar in the list of non-SI units accepted for use with SI. The term "bar" comes from the Greek word "baros," which means weight.Ĭurrent use: Although the bar is a metric unit of pressure, it is not accepted within the International System of Units (SI) and is even deprecated within certain fields. History/origin: The unit, bar, was introduced by Vilhelm Bjerknes, a Norwegian meteorologist who founded modern weather forecasting. It is equal to 0.987 atmospheres (101,325 Pa), the unit often used as a reference of standard pressure. Definition: A bar (symbol: bar) is a metric unit of pressure that is defined as exactly 100,000 pascals (symbol: Pa). You may need to track a check that you sent to a contractor or an employee who worked for you. Signing up for an account only takes a few minutes. It also allows you to view incoming shipments in case you’re waiting for packages to arrive. You can search for the address of your business or home and see all shipments attached to your account. With FedEx InSight, you can log in to your account and view all packages shipped from your address. Can you track a package by address? Yes, and FedEx InSight is a good choice because it doesn’t require a tracking number. Once you sign up for an account, you’ll receive login details that let you keep track of your packages. This is a special program offered by the company that makes it easy for you to keep track of your shipments. If you ship many packages regularly, sign up for FedEx InSight. Can you track a package without tracking number? Yes, and here are some of the different methods that you can use. As long as you retain a copy of the receipt, you can find that number. When shipping online, you get an email copy of your receipt that shows the tracking number. The worker will typically circle the tracking number to help you find it.įedEx allows you to buy shipping labels online and have someone pick up the package from you. If you visited a local store and had FedEx mail or pack and ship your parcel, you received a receipt that clearly shows the tracking number on the bottom. ![]() The easiest way to find the tracking number for a FedEx package is in your receipt. With a FedEx lost tracking number, you can find any type of package. You need to enter the tracking number on the FedEx website to see its current location and estimated date of arrival. This comes in handy when you ship holiday gifts to a loved one or purchases to an online buyer. The tracking number helps you find a lost or missing package so you can get an idea of when it will arrive. ![]() This is a long code that usually consists of numbers and not letters. Whenever you ship a package through FedEx, you receive a tracking number. There are several ways to track FedEx package without tracking number. Don’t fret if you misplaced the tracking number that FedEx gave you. ![]() Those who sell on eBay often find that FedEx offers competitive rates when compared to USPS and other shipping providers. Not only can you ship gifts to loved ones, but you can ship packages when you sell items online, too. FedEx is one of the more popular shipping companies in the world. While you’re packing, use this handy camping checklist to make sure you don’t forget anything important and to make sure you've stocked up on the things you need. 1-48 of 234 results for 'small dustpan and brush' RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and colour. If it’s your first time camping, it might be best to borrow or rent some of these things. As you become a more experienced camper, you may find that part of the fun is figuring out what to bring along to meet your needs. Then after checking that no one was watching. But it’s also nice to have a comfortable, convenient and homey setup. He rather furtively delved into his long trench coat pocket and produced a small dustpan and brush. Part of the joy of camping is needing very little gear to exist outdoors. Many also have shared bathrooms and running water (though you'll want to check this before setting out). Novak the Eco Short Handle Brush with Soft Sisal Bristles and cream Steel Mini Dustpan, Small Floor/Table Cleaning Brush Dust Hand Broom Set CaeraNu (8) 47. Most campsites include a picnic table, a place to park your vehicle and a spot to pitch your tent. ![]() You can camp with just the essentials or zhuzh up your site with blankets, pillows, a hammock and more. You can pitch a tent in many state and national parks, at private campgrounds, in the backcountry or even in your own backyard. And there are myriad ways (and places) to do it. Eco Short Handle Beechwood Brush with Soft Sisal Bristles and Black Steel Mini Dustpan, Small Floor/Table Cleaning Brush and Dustpan Set (53) 38. If you have any further questions regarding dogs at our parks, please call us on 01425 282358 or read our booking terms relating to pets.Camping is a fun way to enjoy time outside with family, friends or even just yourself. Our parks adhere to the Dangerous Dogs Act 2014, so if you own a breed that is listed in this act you will not be able to bring them on to our holiday parks. Buy online & collect in hundreds of stores in as little as 1 minute 60 days free credit available. You must make sure your dog/s are on leads at all times whilst on the park, and please make sure to pick up after them and use the supplied dog waste bins found around our holiday parks.ĭogs are not allowed to enter our entertainment complexes, with the exception of assistance or guide dogs. ![]() We separate out our regular and dog-friendly holiday accommodation to ensure that there is a choice for holidaymakers who love to bring their dog with them and also to reduce any allergen issues by keeping the accommodation types separate. Go back to: Cod圜ross TV Classics Pack Answers. Question is: Small Dustpan And Brush For Tabletops and the answer is: CRUMBTRAY If you will find a wrong answer please write me a comment below and I will fix everything in less than 24 hours. ![]() ![]() You can find dog-friendly accommodation at each of our holiday parks. This clue or question is found on Puzzle 2 of TV Classics Easy Pack. We work to recycle responsibly you can rely on us. Small Hand Broom and Dustpan Set Small Dust Pans with Brush Set Cleaning Tool for Desk, Car and Animal Waste 9.99 Visland 3 Pack Mini Hand Broom and Dustpan Set, Small Dust Pans with Brush Set Cleaning Tool for Desk, Car, Pet Cage and Animal Waste 1 +4 options From 5. These units are specifically designed for holidaymakers with dogs and make it easy to clean if any unfortunate accidents occur. Let us help you finish the job with effortless yard debris removal: We come to you at your convenience. You can bring your dog with you, however you must book designated dog-friendly accommodation. If youre in need of some small space storage ideas, then youve come to the right place. In the Knot Garden they found Finnigan, checking yet again that everything was perfect with a small dustpan and brush he was sweeping up spilled soil from. This mini dustpan and brush set is perfect for any home as it has a dustpan and a brush which is ideal to use when sweeping. ![]() Mixer section and metering makes this feel and operate like a professional mixer.New style looks really clean and professional.New cue point section makes sense, is easy to use.Jog wheels significantly better than previous models, and blow touch strips away for beat matching.Sound is much better, updated DAC really shines, headphone out louder, clearer.Good Stuff: What I Love About The New S4: ![]() Most will probably welcome the changes, while Kontrol traditionalists may want to stick with their older models. ![]() Instead, the design aims for a bold new “pro” direction, focused on mixing, industry standard workflows, and DJ fundamentals. The designers have also completely re-thought the interface of the new S4, abandoning many of the designs from previous Kontrol units. The S4 MK3 has a fabulous motorized platter with adjustable tension and – a first for the industry – haptic feedback. If this was an industry trend, the tide is turning back, and NI seems to have thrown their lot in with spinning jog crowd. Native Instruments famously tried to replace the jog wheel on the S8 and S5, offering more buttons, screens, and space instead. These changes and more bring this Traktor controller more in line with current industry standards, making it a solid choice for most DJs. In almost every case, the changes seem to be for the better – although they take some getting used to. The controller also makes it realistic to use Remix and Stem Decks with limited controls and a fun new feature that will bring basic sequencing to most DJ sets.įinally, with a big quality update to the sound card and internal audio summing model, you will also probably notice a nice improvement to sound quality. NI has also done a radical facelift on this version, completely re-thinking the layout, design language, and functionality. The S4 honors the turntable legacy with high performance spinning platters that work surprisingly well with limited weight and size – most spinning platter controllers are much larger and heavier. It has has taken all the learning from their last five large controllers and condensed it into one go-to flagship operation. Overall, the new S4 feels like a very mature offering from Native Instruments.
![]() ![]() Returning your car, check out the FAQs below. Near the end of their lease and aren’t sure what the next steps are for If you are a Toyota Financial Services lessee who is at or Information about Lease-End Support from Toyota Carry lower limits for auto insurance than with a lease. Keep in mind that not all requests are approved. Welcome to Toyota of Riversides Finance Center Build equity. If you haven’t already registeredįor online access with Toyota Financial Services, you can do so here. You can fill out a request online, or by calling 80 betweenĨ:00 a.m. Team up with the finance department at Bell Road Toyota for assistance with getting into a new Toyota or used car in Phoenix, AZ. Relief, create a Support Center request and ask about a payment extension orĭeferral. If you are a Toyota Financial Services customer and need payment Toyota Financial Services has financing options that can help get you through If your finances have been impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak, Sit down with one of our financers to discuss any financing concerns. Additionally, with the purchase of a new Toyota, you get ToyotaCare, which is a no-cost maintenance plan that covers normal factory scheduled maintenance for two years or 25,000 miles, along with 24-hour roadside assistance for two years.Ĭan I buy a car in Green Bay during the COVID-19 outbreak? Toyota Payment Relief Program Finance Experts Toyota of Bowling Green in Bowling Green KY. First, send us a completed copy of our auto loan application that you can find here on our website we'll then review your credit and financial details and contact you once we've found loan options that suit your budget.Toyota Financial Services is offering a 90-day payment deferral on the first payment or new and Certified Used Vehicles to eligible customers. Whether you're shopping for a new or pre-owned Toyota from nearby Scottsdale or Glendale, AZ or beyond, don't hesitate to get pre-qualified for financing before your visit to our dealership in Phoenix! Apply for Toyota Financing & Contact Our Staff Todayįinding financing pre-approval is simple and secure when you team up with Bell Road Toyota and our finance professionals. Maybe you're looking to lease or finance a new Toyota, or you'd like to secure a used car loan but you possess less than perfect credit either way, we'll work to find a solution for you! The finance department at our full-service Arizona Toyota dealership has built relationships with lenders that could see you approved for a low rate on your upcoming auto loan, and our staff will go over the entire loan agreement so that you understand the terms and conditions. Toyota Financial Services is not responsible for the content or security of the site. Before you go, here are a few things to note: may have a different privacy policy, security level, and terms and conditions than those offered on our website. Our seasoned Toyota financing staff assists car buyers of all financial backgrounds and credit situations, so we encourage you to submit a credit application and reach out to our team today. Were taking you to website to connect you to the information you were looking for. To login to your Toyota Financial Services account and make an online payment, please visit the TFS account login page. He was so friendly, eager to answer my questions and work with me to get the best offer that I was. When the time comes to secure financing for your new Toyota or used Toyota car purchase here at Bell Road Toyota serving Phoenix, AZ, count on our on-site finance center to work with you to find competitive loan terms on your behalf. I had the best car leasing experience with Amil Cooray. Receive your Toyota activation link, get your Toyota Owners login information, access your Toyota Owners account and more. Were eager to provide financing for your new car, or we can assist. Complete your Toyota Owners registration in just a few minutes. New & Used Car Loans Available near Scottsdale & Glendale Welcome to Rohrich Toyotas Finance Department, your auto loan and car lease resource. ![]() For more details please check in our Privacy Policy page. This is covered in their privacy policies. But we do use services by third parties that either use cookies or may be doing so, yet we do not have any control of it. In this site we do not have any cookie tool. ![]() This will allow you to compare it easily with any other table here in the site: Please see how I rate this table using my standard set of criteria. So it is hard to find any table of this type on the market which would come close to such a price. I mentioned its incredible price and you can see it below. Regarding the tabletop size, this is a large table, big enough to be used in the camp as a dining table for 4 people. When not in use, fold it and store somewhere, being so thin it will fit in narrow spaces. So you have seen its packed size, it is large in two dimensions, and if you use it as a camping table, this is for places with a car access.īut you can also use it at home for your party or barbecue events in the garden. You have stabilizers in the corners under the tabletop, and a latch to make the surface flat and stable Some of the elements in the design. Some of the details in its construction are shown below. The tabletop is MDF, so this material should not be exposed to rain for an extended period of time. The frame and all metal elements are aluminum. I have included it in my list of best tables with adjustable legs. Observe that the legs can only be adjusted in pairs. This allows for using it as a side table with its two lower heights, and also as a dining or cooking table in the highest position. 72' Plastic Rectangular Portable Folding Table. Recommended +1 Color Available in 2 Colors. So the legs can be extended or shortened and you have three specific heights available, 21.6, 23.6, 27.6 inches (55, 60, 70 cm). Showing results for '4 foot plastic folding table' 26,144 Results. The legs fold inside and it looks like a thin box. As you realize, there is a handle on the side which helps in carrying it short distances. ![]() The picture below shows how it looks when folded. The packed dimensions are 23.6 x 23.6 x 2.7 inches (60 x 60 x 7 cm). So when packed it remains large in two dimensions, but it is very thin. Here you have one of folding camping/picnic tables. They operate globally so please follow the links and check the price and shipping conditions for your location. This VINGLI 4 Foot Folding Table is available on Amazon. ![]() The distinction between dental care and health care extends to insurance. A suburb of Washington, D.C., could have one dentist for 350 residents, while Dickenson County, Virginia, has one dentist for every 15,468 residents. According to the federal government, more than 50 million Americans live in areas officially designated as Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas, and must travel hundreds of miles to get help. Yet throughout the United States, from remote areas of Alaska and across the contiguous 48, poor people struggle to get access to regular dental care, relying on charity clinics and hospital emergency rooms. A problem as common as gingivitis (excess plaque) can result in serious health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, or cancer. ![]() However, as it stands now, dental care is treated separate from health care, launching an epidemic that weighs heaviest on those who need it most-the rural poor.ĭental health is essential to overall health, and serious and sometimes fatal illness can result from untreated oral conditions. Bad oral hygiene could be significantly remedied through the American health care system that is, if the United States adopted a holistic approach to health care. Noxious substances merely exacerbate a national problem that is affecting every region of the United States. Nonetheless, the factors that contribute to poor dental health are not simply Mountain Dew they are not even specifically linked to Appalachia. With 26 percent of preschool-age kids suffering from tooth decay and 15 percent of young adults extracting a tooth because of erosion, Mountain Dew-mouth in Appalachia has created one of the worst dental health problems in the United States according to a legal brief by Priscilla Harris, an associate professor at the Appalachian College of Law. Nearly half of the people in Kentucky, and 25 percent of the national population, depend exclusively on well water, posing a threat to natural resources as well as people’s teeth. On top of that, without municipal water systems, people rely on well water, which is unfluoridated-or they drink more Mountain Dew to quench their thirst. Kentucky is also the state with the most smokers, followed closely by West Virginia, according to a Gallup study. Use of these substances is rampant in Appalachia a single Kentucky county filled prescriptions for over 2 million doses of painkillers last year, which is about 150 doses for every man, woman and child. Hundreds of prescription medications, as well as chewing tobacco and cigarettes, cause dry mouth, preventing the natural flow of saliva and making teeth more susceptible to decay. In Kentucky, the state with highest proportion of adults under 65 without teeth, Smith has witnessed the extremes of Mountain Dew-mouth-toddlers with baby teeth filled with cavities, kids who won't brush their teeth because of inflamed gums, and teenagers who have pulled out their own rotting teeth with pliers. “They were in pain, and they’d be hurting at school.” Edwin Smith, a traveling dentist who drove his mobile dental truck for 12 years throughout Kentucky, told CNN last September. “I would see a lot of kids who had a mouth full of rotting teeth,” Dr. The soda is ruining teeth, in an epidemic known as “Mountain Dew-mouth.” The acid causes erosion and the sugar abets decay. ![]() Opioid addiction, smoking, chewing tobacco, lack of access to municipal water systems, and the necessary preoccupation with getting food on the table over worrying about nutritional value are also having an enormous effect on people’s teeth. In a region long undergoing a cultural and economic crisis, Appalachia’s thirst for Mountain Dew is perhaps the lesser of many evils. ![]() Sarah Baird, a writer who grew up in Eastern Kentucky, recently wrote about the importance of the drink to her sense of identity, saying, “It’s not just a beverage-it’s a portable sense of home.” Mountain Dew, however, remains culturally significant. Today, coal has left Appalachia, as have a host of other industries that brought economic opportunity. It was officially developed in Knoxville, Tennessee, in the mid-1900s, but it has ties to the wheat and rye distilled by Irish immigrants who settled in the region as coal miners during the previous century. Mountain Dew, the carbonated fluorescent-green soda that Willy the Hillbilly declared “will tickle your innards” in a 1966 commercial, has long been a staple of Appalachia. ![]() In June 2010, Minghella was cast in the Russian science-fiction film The Darkest Hour, released in December 2011. In David Fincher's The Social Network, the 2010 film about the origins of Facebook, he plays Divya Narendra, one of the Harvard upperclassmen who sues Mark Zuckerberg for stealing the idea behind Facebook. Later in 2008, Minghella played a pompous film director in How to Lose Friends & Alienate People, and was seen in a segment of the dark comedy Brief Interviews with Hideous Men. The film is set in 4th century Egypt and revolves around Hypatia of Alexandria. In March 2008, it was announced that he would star in Alejandro Amenábar's second English language film, Agora. The press reported in 2007 that Minghella was cast in Beeban Kidron's Hippie Hippie Shake, a film about writer Richard Neville set in 1960s London. He was to play Art Bechstein in the film version of writer Michael Chabon's novel The Mysteries of Pittsburgh, but dropped out of the project due to his university schedule. He described it as "a really sweet film". ![]() His film Elvis and Anabelle, a dark romantic drama in which he plays an undertaker's son, premiered at the South by Southwest film festival in 2007. He got the part after meeting Zwigoff when he visited the set of Bee Season. In 2006, he starred in the Daniel Clowes adaptation Art School Confidential, a comedy directed by Terry Zwigoff. Minghella's other 2005 role was the political thriller Syriana, which was also released in November, and in which he played the son of George Clooney's CIA agent character. The film was released in November 2005 to mostly mixed reviews and low box office, grossing only $1 million in its limited release, although critics remarked that Minghella was "a talented young actor to watch, delivering a strong performance". His first professional role was in Bee Season, playing the son of a dysfunctional Jewish American family. ![]() Minghella had an uncredited appearance as an extra in his father's film Cold Mountain. I thought up until about age 16 that I was going to be a music video director." And growing up I was massively concerned with seeming cool. He said: "I thought it was sort of embarrassing to say you wanted to be an actor – it was, like, uncool. He did not always want to become an actor. Minghella was inspired to become an actor during his late teenage years, after seeing a production of the play This Is Our Youth at London's West End he subsequently dropped out of the University College School to pursue an acting career, and attended the National Youth Theatre. He said that he felt like "an English boy at an American school", that he kept to himself, and that most of his fellow students did not know that he was an actor. He typically worked on films only during his summer break. He then attended Columbia University, which he considered his "first priority", and studied history, graduating in 2009. He was educated at St Anthony's Preparatory School and University College School in Hampstead. ![]() Minghella spent time on his father's film sets while growing up, of which he has "fond memories" and has said that he felt "no pressure" by his father to succeed in the entertainment industry. His maternal great-grandfather was Hong Kong legislator Robert Kotewall, and his maternal great-great-grandfather was Calcutta-born businessman Emanuel Raphael Belilios. His maternal grandfather was of three quarters Han Chinese and one quarter Jewish descent, and his maternal grandmother was of Chinese, English, Irish, Indian Parsi, and Swedish ancestry. His father was born in Ryde, Isle of Wight, and was of Italian descent, and his mother was born in Hong Kong. Minghella was born in Hampstead, London, the son of director Anthony Minghella and dancer and choreographer Carolyn Jane Choa. ![]() Each compound (100 μl) was topically applied to the shaved dorsal area once a day, 6 days a week, for 4 weeks. All animals were randomized into 4 groups based on different topical applications: saline (SA), jojoba oil (JO), 3% minoxidil (MXD), and 3% peppermint oil (PEO, diluted in jojoba oil). Upon shaving the mice all of the hair follicles were synchronized in the telogen stage, showing pink color. The dorsal area (2 cm × 4 cm) of the 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice was shaved with an animal clipper. Five-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (Daehan Biolink Co., Korea) were allowed to adapt to their new environment for one week, with food and water provided ad libitum under 22 ± 1℃ room temperature, 50 ± 5% relative humidity and 12 hrs of a light/dark cycle before the experiment was begun. The aim of this study was to address the therapeutic potential of PEO for hair loss via the comparative analysis between PEO and minoxidil.Įxperimental animal. However, experimental trial of PEO in its hair growth activity has not been fully reported. Several clinical trials examining the effects of peppermint oil (PEO) on irritable bowel syndrome have been reported (9). In vitro, peppermint has been reported to show anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities as well as strong antioxidant activity, and antiallergenic and antitumor actions (7, 8). The principal ingredient of peppermint oil, menthol, is primarily responsible for its beneficial effects (6). Peppermint ( Mentha piperita) extracted from peppermint leaves is generally regarded as an excellent carminative and gastric stimulant, and also has been used in cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component and a general skin conditioning agent. Traditional plant remedies have been used for centuries in the treatment for hair loss, but only a few have been scientifically evaluated (5). Upjohn itself has warned of possible negative side effects of the medication including increased heart rate, difficulty breathing, rapid weight gain, edema, seborrhoeic dermatitis, scalp itching, and scaling (3- 5). Minoxidil was originally created as a hypertension medication by Upjohn Pharmaceuticals (2). The only products sanctioned by the US FDA for hair loss treatment are oral finasteride (Proscar ®) and topical minoxidil (Rogaine ®). ![]() For example, androgenetic alopecia in men, or male pattern baldness, is increasingly recognized as a physically and psychologically serious medical condition that often requires a professional care by generalist clinicians (1). ![]() Hair loss is a distressing condition that is associated with a multitude of natural, medical, or nutritional conditions. These results suggest that PEO induces a rapid anagen stage and could be used for a practical agent for hair growth without change of body weight gain and food efficiency. ![]() Body weight gain and food efficiency were not significantly different between groups. ALP activity and IGF-1 expression also significantly increased in PEO group. Of the 4 experimental groups, PEO group showed the most prominent hair growth effects a significant increase in dermal thickness, follicle number, and follicle depth. The hair growth effects of the 4-week topical applications were evaluated in terms of hair growth, histological analysis, enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gene expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), known bio-markers for the enhanced hair growth. The animals were randomized into 4 groups based on different topical applications: saline (SA), jojoba oil (JO), 3% minoxidil (MXD), and 3% peppermint oil (PEO). This study investigated the effect of peppermint oil on hair growth in C57BL/6 mice. This plant also has been used in cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component and skin conditioning agent. Peppermint ( Mentha piperita) is a plant native to Europe and has been widely used as a carminative and gastric stimulant worldwide. |
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